Dieses Porträt von Maria Stuart entstand im Jahr 1641 anlässlich ihrer Heirat mit Wilhelm II. von Oranien (1626-1650) am 2. Mai. Der Maler war der berühmte Anthony van Dyck. Die große Diamantbrosche, die an ihrem Kleid befestigt wurde, und die wir hier in diesem Ausschnitt bewundern können, war ein Hochzeitsgeschenk von ihrem Gatten.
Eigentlich war von ihren Eltern, dem schottisch-englischen König Karl I. Stuart und seiner Gattin Henriette Maria von Frankreich, geplant gewesen, Maria mit ihrem spanischen Cousin Baltasar Carlos (1629-1646) zu verheiraten. Damit hätte sie zur zukünftigen Königin von Spanien aufsteigen können. Wilhelm II. von Oranien war daher Marias jüngere Schwester Elisabeth (1635-1650) als Gattin angeboten worden, die jener bzw. seine Familie jedoch ablehnte. Sie wollten Maria als Braut.
Im April 1641 war Wilhelm II. von Oranien schließlich persönlich in London erschienen. "The king [Karl I. Stuart] and queen [Henriette Maria von Frankreich] received William 'with great affection,' although it was noted that Henrietta did not allow him to kiss her, on the grounds of his republican origin. William, however, was unperturbed. Eager to meet Princess Mary - 'He speaks of nothing but of seeing his bride' - he set out that afternoon to visit her at Somerset House. But Mary also denied him a kiss; she had expected to marry the Spanish heir and was as unhappy as her mother with her lover's lowly birth. Day after day, William returned, bringing presents of 'rich jewels' for his fiancée and her family, coming and going at Somerset House through a garden door to which he had been given a key. Soon the young couple were beginning to seem more suited - 'he is as good as he is pretty, which makes him more deserve so good a princess' - and William gained his reward. Nine-year-old Mary - 'mild, modest, affable ... discreet and debonair' - began to show him favor, 'and with her mother's permission has sealed their affection with a kiss.' On Sunday, May 2, 1641, the day after Charles issued his ultimatum to Parliament, William and May were married at Whitehall. Standing side by side, the two children made a handsome couple. ... There had been no time to prepare the usual grand festivities [wegen der kritischen politischen Lage des Königs zu dieser Zeit] ... Instead, around 2 p.m., the royal family sat down to dinner in the king's withdrawing chamber, 'with the greatest privacy that might be.'" (in: Katie Whitaker: A Royal Passion - The turbulent marriage of King Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France, id., pp. 204-205).